Cardiovascular exercise is essential for staying healthy and vibrant, especially after age 70.
The American Heart Association recommends seniors aim for 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous activity each week, along with muscle-strengthening activities twice a week. Only 14% of adults 65 and older meet these goals, even though falling short can increase the risk of chronic disease, reduce quality of life and lead to higher health care costs over time.
Why Should Seniors Do Cardio?
Regular cardio not only helps keep seniors moving and independent, but it also lowers the risk of chronic conditions like hypertension and dementia. Any amount of cardio, no matter how small, can have a real impact.
Benefits of cardio for seniors include:
- Improved Heart Health: Cardiovascular exercise strengthens the heart, promoting healthy blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
- Stronger Muscles: Severe muscle loss affects one in three older adults, making daily activities such as climbing stairs or standing from a chair more difficult.
- Joint Health and Mobility: By delivering oxygen-rich blood and lubrication to the joints, exercise promotes the mobility needed for tasks like fastening a seatbelt and stepping in and out of the shower.
- Reduced Risk of Falls: Cardio strengthens muscles, improves balance and encourages coordination, reducing the likelihood of falls and resulting injuries.
- Weight Management: Body fat levels often increase with age, but regular exercise can fight the accumulation of visceral fat.
- Metabolic Health: By improving insulin sensitivity, aerobic exercise helps individuals with Type 2 diabetes manage blood sugar levels more effectively.
- Immune Function: Cardio stimulates the immune system, helping the body defend against common illnesses like colds and the flu.
- Cognitive Function: Activities like walking and cycling increase blood flow to the brain, supporting memory and reducing the risk of cognitive decline.
- Improved Mood: Exercise releases endorphins, alleviating symptoms of depression and anxiety while fostering overall happiness.
- Social Well-Being: While the buddy system isn't always mandatory, walking with a neighbor or friend can promote socialization and bonding.
- Better Sleep Quality: Physical activity helps regulate sleep cycles, promoting deeper and more restorative rest.
Cardio for Seniors: Activities to Get the Heart Pumping
The key to cardio exercises for seniors is finding activities that are enjoyable, accessible and safe. Seniors should aim for 20 to 30 minutes of activity most days, adjusting intensity based on their exercise history, health status and comfort levels. Before starting any new exercise routine, it's important for seniors to consult a health care provider, especially if they have a history of heart or other medical diagnoses.
Here are some excellent cardio activities for seniors to try:
- Walking: Walking is one of the easiest and most effective forms of exercise. A brisk 20- to 30-minute walk several times a week improves cardiovascular health, strengthens the lower body and enhances balance. Use aids like canes or walking poles, if needed, and choose routes with even terrain to reduce fall risks.
- Dancing: Dancing, from ballroom to Zumba, is a fun way to improve heart health and coordination. Classes or dancing at home to favorite songs are great options. Wear secure, supportive shoes to minimize tripping risks.
- Swimming: Swimming is a low-impact, full-body workout that's perfect for those with joint issues like arthritis or osteoporosis. Water aerobics classes can make the activity social and enjoyable.
- Cycling: Cycling, whether outdoors or on a stationary bike, strengthens the legs and promotes heart health. If balance is a concern, consider sticking with a stationary bike or fitting a traditional bike with adaptive wheels.
- Yoga: Gentle yoga blends aerobics with strength, balance and flexibility. It also improves relaxation and lung capacity through breathing techniques. Beginner-friendly classes like Hatha or restorative yoga are ideal for older adults.
- Hiking: Hiking combines cardiovascular benefits with the joy of spending time in nature. Look for trails with manageable inclines and stable paths. It's important that hikers stick with a companion or group for safety and let others know when and where they are going.
At-Home Cardio Exercises for Seniors
There's no need to leave home to get in a good workout. These simple exercises require minimal space and no special equipment. By working the largest muscle groups of the body, they're ideal for not only increasing heart rate, but also improving functional strength in older adults:
- Squat: Stand in front of a sturdy chair, then send your hips down and back to sit on the chair. Pause, then drive through your legs to stand back up. As you gain strength, try to "tap" your hips to the chair rather than fully sitting down. Repeat several times.
- Lunge: Stand tall and step one foot forward. Bend your knees, keeping your front knee behind your toes. Push back to standing and switch legs. Use a chair for support if needed. Repeat several times.
- Get-Up: Sit on the floor and experiment with ways to get back up — roll, kneel or use your hands. Repeat several times to build strength and confidence.
- Suitcase Carry: Pick up a heavy item like a gallon of water with one hand. Walk in a straight line, keeping your body upright. Switch hands and repeat.
- Deadlift: Place an item (like a duffel bag) in front of you. Push your hips back, keeping your back straight, and grab the object. Press through your legs to stand up tall, then lower it back to the ground. Repeat.
- Bent-Over Row: Hold a gallon of water or similar item. Lean forward slightly with a straight back, and pull the item toward your chest. Lower it down and repeat.
- Incline Push-Up: Place your hands slightly wider than shoulder-width apart on a sturdy kitchen counter. Step back until your body forms a straight line. Bend your elbows to lower your chest toward the counter, then push back up. Repeat.
Special Considerations for Seniors with Heart Conditions
For seniors with heart conditions, exercise requires extra care. While cardio is beneficial, it's essential to tailor routines to avoid overexertion or complications. Here are the top considerations:
- Physician Approval: Always consult a health care provider before starting or changing an exercise routine, especially if you've experienced a heart event.
- Warm Up and Cool Down: Spend 5 to 10 minutes warming up with gentle movements and end your session with stretches. These strategies will raise and lower your heart rate gradually.
- Monitor Intensity: Smartwatches and fitness trackers can monitor heart rate to ensure you're exercising within safe limits. Talk to your primary care provider about what heart rate ranges are healthy for you.
- Listen to Your Body: Stop exercising and seek medical advice if you feel dizzy, short of breath or experience chest discomfort.
Stay Active, Stay Healthy
Cardio exercises are a cornerstone of healthy aging. They improve physical and emotional well-being, help seniors maintain independence and make everyday activities more manageable. By choosing enjoyable and age-appropriate routines, seniors can experience the transformative benefits of regular cardio. Whether it's with a brisk walk, a yoga session or a dance class, the key is to start small and stay consistent. Remember, it's never too late to invest in a healthier, more vibrant future.
BrightStar Care® Can Support Your Fitness Journey
BrightStar Care® caregivers are here to help seniors maintain active, fulfilling lifestyles. From assisting with mobility to creating safe environments for exercise, our compassionate team provides tailored assistance to meet your needs. Whether you're looking for in-home care services or assisted living for your loved one or a reliable medical staffing partner for your organization, our experienced local care team members are ready to help. Find a location near you, contact us online or call (866) 618-7827 to learn more about how BrightStar Care offers A Higher Standard®.